Floods: Floods occur when there is an overflow of water onto normally dry land, often caused by heavy rainfall, storm surges, or rapid snowmelt.
Causes of Flooding: Intense and prolonged rainfall, river overflow, storm surges from hurricanes, and rapid melting of snow and ice can contribute to flooding.
Impact on Communities: Floods can lead to widespread property damage, displacement of communities, loss of crops, and contamination of water sources, posing significant risks to human life.
Prevention and Mitigation: Flood mitigation strategies include constructing levees, dams, and floodwalls, as well as implementing land-use planning and early warning systems.
Landslides: Landslides involve the movement of rock, soil, and debris down a slope, often triggered by heavy rainfall, earthquakes, or volcanic activity.
Causes of Landslides: Heavy rainfall saturates the soil, making it more susceptible to movement. Earthquakes can also trigger landslides by destabilizing slopes.
Impact on Terrain: Landslides can alter the landscape, block rivers, and damage infrastructure. They pose a threat to communities located in hilly or mountainous regions.
Mitigation Measures: Mitigation measures include slope stabilization, vegetation management, early warning systems, and land-use planning to reduce the risk of landslides.
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